《使徒行传》第二十一讲：堕落的民，伟大的神（徒 7:17-43） 信息中敬拜主 Worship in Message 题目 Title：堕落的民，伟大的神 Fallen People, Great God
经文 Scripture：使徒行传 Acts 7:17-43
讲员 Speaker：苏朝乾弟兄 Brother Zhaoqian Su
讨论问题 Small Group Discussion：
1、在这段经文里面，人是如何的堕落？是否跟你有点相似？How did man fall in this passage? Is it a bit similar to you? 2、在这段经文里面，神有哪些奇妙的作为，让你很意外？From this passage, what wonderful things did God do that surprised you?
7:17 “及至 神应许亚伯拉罕的日期将到，以色列民在埃及兴盛众多， 7:17 “But as the time of the promise drew near, which God had granted to Abraham, the people increased and multiplied in Egypt 7:18 直到有不晓得约瑟的新王兴起。 7:18 until there arose over Egypt another king who did not know Joseph. 7:19 他用诡计待我们的宗族，苦害我们的祖宗，叫他们丢弃婴孩，使婴孩不能存活。 7:19 He dealt shrewdly with our race and forced our fathers to expose their infants, so that they would not be kept alive. 7:20 那时，摩西生下来，俊美非凡，在他父亲家里抚养了三个月。 7:20 At this time Moses was born; and he was beautiful in God’s sight. And he was brought up for three months in his father’s house, 7:21 他被丢弃的时候，法老的女儿拾了去，养为自己的儿子。 7:21 and when he was exposed, Pharaoh’s daughter adopted him and brought him up as her own son.
第二段：使徒行传 7:22-29
7:22 摩西学了埃及人一切的学问，说话行事都有才能。 7:22 And Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and he was mighty in his words and deeds. 7:23 “他将到四十岁，心中起意去看望他的弟兄以色列人； 7:23 “When he was forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brothers, the children of Israel. 7:24 到了那里，见他们一个人受冤屈，就护庇他，为那受欺压的人报仇，打死了那埃及人。 7:24 And seeing one of them being wronged, he defended the oppressed man and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian. 7:25 他以为弟兄必明白 神是藉他的手搭救他们；他们却不明白。 7:25 He supposed that his brothers would understand that God was giving them salvation by his hand, but they did not understand. 7:26 第二天，遇见两个以色列人争斗，就劝他们和睦，说：‘你们二位是弟兄，为什么彼此欺负呢？’ 7:26 And on the following day he appeared to them as they were quarreling and tried to reconcile them, saying, ‘Men, you are brothers. Why do you wrong each other?’ 7:27 那欺负邻舍的把他推开，说：‘谁立你作我们的首领和审判官呢？ 7:27 But the man who was wronging his neighbor thrust him aside, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? 7:28 难道你要杀我，像昨天杀那埃及人吗？’ 7:28 Do you want to kill me as you killed the Egyptian yesterday?’ 7:29 摩西听见这话就逃走了，寄居于米甸；在那里生了两个儿子。 7:29 At this retort Moses fled and became an exile in the land of Midian, where he became the father of two sons.
第三段：使徒行传 7:30-38 7:30 “过了四十年，在西奈山的旷野，有一位天使从荆棘火焰中向摩西显现。 7:30 “Now when forty years had passed, an angel appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush. 7:31 摩西见了那异象，便觉希奇，正进前观看的时候，有主的声音说： 7:31 When Moses saw it, he was amazed at the sight, and as he drew near to look, there came the voice of the Lord: 7:32 ‘我是你列祖的 神，就是亚伯拉罕的 神，以撒的 神，雅各的 神。’摩西战战兢兢，不敢观看。 7:32 ‘I am the God of your fathers, the God of Abraham and of Isaac and of Jacob.’ And Moses trembled and did not dare to look. 7:33 主对他说：‘把你脚上的鞋脱下来，因为你所站之地是圣地。 7:33 Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 7:34 我的百姓在埃及所受的困苦，我实在看见了，他们悲叹的声音，我也听见了。我下来要救他们。你来！我要差你往埃及去。’ 7:34 I have surely seen the affliction of my people who are in Egypt, and have heard their groaning, and I have come down to deliver them. And now come, I will send you to Egypt.’ 7:35 这摩西就是百姓弃绝说‘谁立你作我们的首领和审判官’的； 神却藉那在荆棘中显现之使者的手差派他作首领、作救赎的。 7:35 “This Moses, whom they rejected, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge?’—this man God sent as both ruler and redeemer by the hand of the angel who appeared to him in the bush. 7:36 这人领百姓出来，在埃及，在红海，在旷野，四十年间行了奇事神迹。 7:36 This man led them out, performing wonders and signs in Egypt and at the Red Sea and in the wilderness for forty years. 7:37 那曾对以色列人说‘ 神要从你们弟兄中间给你们兴起一位先知像我’的，就是这位摩西。 7:37 This is the Moses who said to the Israelites, ‘God will raise up for you a prophet like me from your brothers.’ 7:38 这人曾在旷野会中和西奈山上，与那对他说话的天使同在，又与我们的祖宗同在，并且领受活泼的圣言传给我们。 7:38 This is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and with our fathers. He received living oracles to give to us.
第四段：使徒行传 7:39-43
7:39 我们的祖宗不肯听从，反弃绝他，心里归向埃及， 7:39 Our fathers refused to obey him, but thrust him aside, and in their hearts they turned to Egypt, 7:40 对亚伦说：‘你且为我们造些神像，在我们前面引路；因为领我们出埃及地的那个摩西，我们不知道他遭了什么事。’ 7:40 saying to Aaron, ‘Make for us gods who will go before us. As for this Moses who led us out from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.’ 7:41 那时，他们造了一个牛犊，又拿祭物献给那像，欢喜自己手中的工作。 7:41 And they made a calf in those days, and offered a sacrifice to the idol and were rejoicing in the works of their hands. 7:42 神就转脸不顾，任凭他们侍奉天上的日月星辰，正如先知书上所写的说：以色列家啊，你们四十年间在旷野，岂是将牺牲和祭物献给我吗? 7:42 But God turned away and gave them over to worship the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets: “‘Did you bring to me slain beasts and sacrifices, during the forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel? 7:43 你们抬着摩洛的帐幕和理番神的星，就是你们所造为要敬拜的像。因此，我要把你们迁到巴比伦外去。 7:43 You took up the tent of Moloch and the star of your god Rephan, the images that you made to worship; and I will send you into exile beyond Babylon.’
详解
第一段：使徒行传 7:17-21 使徒行传 7:17 7:17 “及至 神应许亚伯拉罕的日期将到，以色列民在埃及兴盛众多， 7:17 “But as the time of the promise drew near, which God had granted to Abraham, the people increased and multiplied in Egypt 我们前面讲到神藉着约瑟的手，如何拯救了在饥荒中的以色列百姓。这群以色列的百姓是有很多的黑历史的。一说黑历史，大家都把头抬起来了。他们的先祖图谋杀害自己的亲弟兄约瑟，最后把约瑟卖给人贩子。他们拿着约瑟血淋淋的衣服给他亲爹讲：“你最喜爱的那个儿子被野兽吃了，让他们的亲爹心如刀绞。”。 就是这样一个奇葩的、残暴的家族，神非常地恩待他们。神不仅让他们在饥荒中生存下来，而且在17节的后半句我们看到，神还让他们“兴盛众多”。他们生养众多，满了那地，估计每家都有七八个孩子。 凶手的后代，神恩待他们，让他们极其地发达。 但是问题来了，家大业大的一个家族，又是在埃及这样一个全世界最发达、最先进的国家里，他们是非常满意的，已经没有人还记得，神要把一个流奶与蜜的迦南地给他们。他们对着“神的应许”也没有什么兴趣，宁愿把自己卖给法老当奴隶，也不要什么“应许”。然而神不忘记他的“应许”。
使徒行传 7:18 7:18 直到有不晓得约瑟的新王兴起。 7:18 until there arose over Egypt another king who did not know Joseph. 18节我们看到这里神“兴起了一个新王”。掌控历史的神在那个时候，用这个邪恶的新王，来预备他的百姓出埃及的心。 这个王很有意思，他上学的时候，他没有好好地学埃及历史这节课。这节圣经告诉我们，“他不知道约瑟”曾经给这个国家带来的恩惠，他狠狠地来逼迫神的百姓。
使徒行传 7:19 7:19 他用诡计待我们的宗族，苦害我们的祖宗，叫他们丢弃婴孩，使婴孩不能存活。 7:19 He dealt shrewdly with our race and forced our fathers to expose their infants, so that they would not be kept alive. 19节这里说：“叫他们丢弃婴孩，使婴孩不能存活。”。这句话我们读起来没有什么感觉的，对吧？丢在河里的都不是咱们自家的孩子。 这是人类历史上最早的计划生育，企图让以色列这个民族彻底地灭种。男婴全部杀死，没有男人就没有武装，就没有反抗。女婴留下来，她们以后的子宫还有利用价值，还可以为埃及的男人生孩子。然后，以色列民族这个名字，就可以从历史中消失。 你可以想象，每一家以色列百姓他们的痛苦。备孕、怀孕、怀胎十月、生产，好不容易可以当父母了，这个孩子却要扔进河里喂鳄鱼。时代的一粒灰尘，落在个人的头上，就是一座大山。你可以想象，他们的痛苦和眼泪，在那些的家庭里面。 最精彩的就在这里，弟兄姐妹！我们在读司提反这个故事的时候，或者我们去读更详细的、旧约出埃及记的时候，我们惊讶地发现，他们痛苦得不行了，他们都不去求神！他们痛苦得不行了，他们都不求神带他们出埃及！他们实在是有一种宁死不屈的精神。 但这并不是特例，弟兄姊妹，这是正常的人的光景！人就是这么地可怜，又是这么地刚硬！这些故事或多或少都有我们自己的影子。所以，司提反在这里用简短的几节经文，就把人的悖逆刚硬，把神的恩典描述的淋漓尽致。 凶手的后代，神恩待他们。神让他们生养众多，他们不记得神的应许，他们坚持在埃及享受罪中之乐，但是神坚持要把他们带到光明的路上。他们对着神的计划硬着颈项，但是神坚持来救他们。神怎么救他们？20、21节就给我们看到一个婴孩的出生。
使徒行传 7:20 7:20 那时，摩西生下来，俊美非凡，在他父亲家里抚养了三个月。 7:20 At this time Moses was born; and he was beautiful in God’s sight. And he was brought up for three months in his father’s house, 20节，“那时，摩西生下来，俊美非凡”。当法老杀害神的百姓的时候，其实神可以用很多的方法拯救以色列人。神可以让这个法老生病暴毙，神可以派一个刺客去把他干掉，神可以让一个漫威宇宙里面的英雄，去带领以色列的百姓起义搞革命。 人在痛苦中常常期待一个大有能力的英雄，来解决他们的问题，所以漫威宇宙可以一直往下拍续集。犹太教的人现在还在等这个大有能力的超级英雄来救他们。然而神的救法不是用一个力大无比的超级英雄，他是用一个连自己都保护不了的小婴孩。 20节讲到，这个婴孩有一个特点，“俊美非凡”。重点不是颜值，这是讲到他是被神所喜悦、所悦纳的。这也呼应了我们的主耶稣，他也是被神喜悦，被神悦纳的。摩西的出生，伴随着当时法老王要杀婴孩的这样的一个逼迫；耶稣的出生，也是伴随着希律王杀害婴孩的这样的一个行为。
第二段：使徒行传 7:22-29 使徒行传 7:22 7:22 摩西学了埃及人一切的学问，说话行事都有才能。 7:22 And Moses was instructed in all the wisdom of the Egyptians, and he was mighty in his words and deeds. 22节，天选之子，“摩西学了埃及人一切的学问”，常春藤大学GPA4.0毕业。“说话行事都有才能”。
使徒行传 7:23
7:23 “他将到四十岁，心中起意去看望他的弟兄以色列人； 7:23 “When he was forty years old, it came into his heart to visit his brothers, the children of Israel. 23节，摩西在这个时候已经被神预备了“四十年”。他有传奇的经历，“又对着神的百姓有负担，去看望他的百姓。 ”。
使徒行传 7:24 7:24 到了那里，见他们一个人受冤屈，就护庇他，为那受欺压的人报仇，打死了那埃及人。 7:24 And seeing one of them being wronged, he defended the oppressed man and avenged him by striking down the Egyptian. 24节这里看到，“摩西他一出门，他遇到了一个以色列人被埃及人欺负。摩西这个时候，正义感爆棚，同时他又武功高强，顺手就把这个埃及人给打死了。”。这个事情只有摩西知道，和这个刚刚被他救下的以色列人知道。
使徒行传 7:25 7:25 他以为弟兄必明白 神是藉他的手搭救他们；他们却不明白。 7:25 He supposed that his brothers would understand that God was giving them salvation by his hand, but they did not understand. 摩西这个人有传奇的经历，他对着神有极大的信心。正常的一个以色列百姓，被压榨，被逼迫，被当奴隶，被计划生育了四十年，有出埃及的应许，又遇到了这样的一个天选之子、传奇人物，他应该马上能意识到，这是神差遣来拯救他们的人，这是神给他们的救主。
使徒行传 7:26 7:26 第二天，遇见两个以色列人争斗，就劝他们和睦，说：‘你们二位是弟兄，为什么彼此欺负呢？’ 7:26 And on the following day he appeared to them as they were quarreling and tried to reconcile them, saying, ‘Men, you are brothers. Why do you wrong each other?’ 弟兄姊妹，你可以想象一下，这一群以色列百姓，已经正在被灭种了。虽然他们是被神拣选的族类，但是他们却是给外邦人做苦工，当奴隶。生下来的孩子，男孩子被扔到河里喂鳄鱼，女孩子留下来将来给埃及人当生殖工具。 在这样悲惨的光景里面，26节我们发现，他们还要去欺负那个比他们还弱小的，“他们之间还要互相地争斗，摩西就劝他们和睦。”。 弟兄姊妹，这是罪人在地狱里面的光景！你是那个被扔进火湖里的一根柴，你就快被烧完了。可是即便如此，当你有一口气的时候，你还要去欺负旁边比你还弱小的人，这是堕落的人的光景！这样的人，摩西愿意去拯救他们，他们却弃绝那一位拯救者。
使徒行传 7:27 7:27 那欺负邻舍的把他推开，说：‘谁立你作我们的首领和审判官呢？ 7:27 But the man who was wronging his neighbor thrust him aside, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge over us? 27节，“那欺负邻舍的把他推开，说：‘谁立你作我们的首领和审判官呢？”。“审判官”就是拯救者的意思。这句话的意思是什么？就是：“没有我的允许，上帝怎么可以选你摩西当我们的领袖，我不接受！”。就是说这句话的人，他比上帝还厉害，而且是理直气壮。
使徒行传 7:33 7:33 主对他说：‘把你脚上的鞋脱下来，因为你所站之地是圣地。 7:33 Then the Lord said to him, ‘Take off the sandals from your feet, for the place where you are standing is holy ground. 33节这里，“主对他说：‘把你脚上的鞋脱下来，因为你所站之地是圣地。”。这事发生在西奈山的旷野（徒7:30），但是神说这里是“圣地”。因为神与摩西同在，神在那里预备摩西。
使徒行传 7:36 7:36 这人领百姓出来，在埃及，在红海，在旷野，四十年间行了奇事神迹。 7:36 This man led them out, performing wonders and signs in Egypt and at the Red Sea and in the wilderness for forty years. 旷野，这个以色列人认为不洁净，遭他们嫌弃的地方，却是神可以大大工作的地方。神在那里预备摩西，神在那里“大行神迹”，36节。 那最精彩的，神让摩西在那里看荆棘火焰的异象，这是记载在30、31节那里。
使徒行传 7:30-31 7:30 “过了四十年，在西奈山的旷野，有一位天使从荆棘火焰中向摩西显现。 7:30 “Now when forty years had passed, an angel appeared to him in the wilderness of Mount Sinai, in a flame of fire in a bush. 7:31 摩西见了那异象，便觉希奇，正进前观看的时候，有主的声音说： 7:31 When Moses saw it, he was amazed at the sight, and as he drew near to look, there came the voice of the Lord:
7:35 “This Moses, whom they rejected, saying, ‘Who made you a ruler and a judge?’—this man God sent as both ruler and redeemer by the hand of the angel who appeared to him in the bush.
7:36 这人领百姓出来，在埃及，在红海，在旷野，四十年间行了奇事神迹。
7:36 This man led them out, performing wonders and signs in Egypt and at the Red Sea and in the wilderness for forty years.
7:38 This is the one who was in the congregation in the wilderness with the angel who spoke to him at Mount Sinai, and with our fathers. He received living oracles to give to us.
使徒行传 7:39 7:39 我们的祖宗不肯听从，反弃绝他，心里归向埃及， 7:39 Our fathers refused to obey him, but thrust him aside, and in their hearts they turned to Egypt, 39这里说，“我们的祖宗不肯听从，反弃绝他，心里归向埃及，”。这是一个非常讽刺的描述。他们已经出了埃及了，他们已经不受法老的苦害了，他们每天享受着神的供应，天上降吗哪给他们吃，磐石出水给他们喝，云柱火柱带领他们、保护他们。
使徒行传 7:40 7:40 对亚伦说：‘你且为我们造些神像，在我们前面引路；因为领我们出埃及地的那个摩西，我们不知道他遭了什么事。’ 7:40 saying to Aaron, ‘Make for us gods who will go before us. As for this Moses who led us out from the land of Egypt, we do not know what has become of him.’ 40节，摩西上西奈山取律法，山底下的百姓等着等着就觉得，“啊呀！摩西是不是在山上出意外了？摩西是不是不回来了，死那儿啦？我们换一个领袖吧！”。非常的讽刺！ 有一条狗跟它的主人关系很好，每天早上跟它的主人一起到车站，目送它的主人上火车，然后在傍晚的时候，在站台上等它的主人下车，然后跟它的主人一起回家。 不幸的是，它的主人有一天在工作的时候突然因病去世了，就再也没有坐火车回到车站。然而这条狗，在它接下来的十年的狗生岁月里面，每天傍晚五点半，准时守候在站台上，等待着它的主人归来。。。一直到它生命的最后一刻。狗都知道等它的主人，人却不要他的救主！ 摩西上山领受律法的时候，神的百姓在山下好像巴不得摩西在山上有什么意外，“我们就可以顺理成章换个领袖，释放我们心里的偶像。”。
使徒行传 7:42 7:42 神就转脸不顾，任凭他们侍奉天上的日月星辰，正如先知书上所写的说：以色列家啊，你们四十年间在旷野，岂是将牺牲和祭物献给我吗? 7:42 But God turned away and gave them over to worship the host of heaven, as it is written in the book of the prophets: “‘Did you bring to me slain beasts and sacrifices, during the forty years in the wilderness, O house of Israel? 42节，我们的“神转脸不顾”！“转脸不顾”！ “神转脸不顾”一方面，是神儿女极大的悲哀！还有什么比离开神的面更可怕的？神是爱，神是光，神是生命，对吧？你离开了神，就是在愁苦的里面；你离开了神，就是在黑暗的里面；你离开了神，就是在死亡的路上。 另外一方面，“神转脸不顾”，也是神心里面极大的痛苦！哪个父母愿意离开自己的孩子？哪个父母愿意对着自己的孩子转脸不顾？哪一个丈夫愿意离开自己的新婚妻子？没有的事呀！ 在出埃及记的最后一章，当摩西把会幕造好立起来，完了工以后，立刻马上，云彩遮盖会幕，耶和华的荣光充满了帐幕。这么多细节的描写是什么意思？
使徒行传 7:43 7:43 你们抬着摩洛的帐幕和理番神的星，就是你们所造为要敬拜的像。因此，我要把你们迁到巴比伦外去。 7:43 You took up the tent of Moloch and the star of your god Rephan, the images that you made to worship; and I will send you into exile beyond Babylon.’
